Eosinophilic Asthma

Eosinophilic asthma (EA) is a subtype of asthma that is usually common in adults between the age of 25 and 35 years. It is caused by high counts of a white blood cell known as eosinophil. These white blood cells are found in the lungs, blood and the respiratory tract. Even high doses of Inhaled corticosteroids, the main asthma treatment drug, do not have much effect on it.

Eosinophils are antibodies that prevent parasitic infections. However, a high level in the immune system causes inflammation in the lower airways, sinuses and nasal passages. This increases the severity of your asthma symptoms. Scientists are still looking for the main cause of rise of these antibodies leading to asthma. Also, research is going on about genetic connection in families with history of asthma.

Symptoms of EA can be identical to many asthma symptoms. The symptoms can be more severe and develop resistance to usual asthma medications. These symptoms include:

•Wheezing
•Coughing
•Shortness of breath
•Nasal polyps
•Abstracted airflow
•Anosmia
•Fatigue
•Chest tightness
•Chronic sinus disease

When can you see a doctor?

According to researchers, people with eosinophilic asthma can have misconception of the symptoms with getting old. This can really limit their life because they ignore their symptoms. There are persistent and frequent symptoms that will require medical attention. These include:

•Chest tightness
•Coughing
•Shortness of breath
•Weezing

Prompt treatment and frequent medical check-up for EA is important because permanent damage can occur in the inflamed airways. Permanent damages such as thick airway walls and scar in the lung tissue can be fatal.
Patients are encouraged to visit a doctor at least once yearly to ensure an effective treatment plan. Urgent medical attention should be sought if you experience signs such as dizziness, wheezing while breathing, and quickly getting tired while doing routine activities.

Also, Emergency steps should be taken in case of:

•No symptom relief 15 minutes after taking quick-acting medication.
•Experiencing difficulties while speaking normally
•Experiencing difficulties walking normally
•Turning blue of the lips or nails
•Taking 30 breaths or more per minute
•Nostrils flare while breathing
•Feeling stretched at the throat and ribs while breathing

Your doctor will prescribe either rescue medication or maintenance medication depending on the severity. A rescue medication such as short-acting beta-agonist is prescribed for quick relief of the symptoms.

Maintenance medication such as ICS is prescribed for long term treatment and control of the symptoms. However, it does not provide immediate relief of the symptoms.

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